moller g



l 6 Sheets-119.65 l. G. J.' MLLER 3a P. EEEEB. DRYING AND EVAPORATING APPARATUS.

.No.Mod'eL) afente (mi. 22.

(No Model.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 3V l G. J. MLLER an HP1-"BEER, DRYING AND EVAPRATING APPARATUS.

Pate-me@ $015,122, 1895,

(No Mom.) sheecsi-sn'evg- G. J. MULLER 85.13.! PPBIFERQ y DRYING AND BVAEORATING APPARATUS r Sheets-Sheet 5.

' (No Model.) A

G. J. MLLER 85 P, DFEPER.

DR-YNG ND VPOR-ATNG APPARATUS. l l Nogll, Paentdct. Z2, 1895,

Le fg/12. Y gf. 55. M. d

6 Sheets-Sh'egt' 6,

(No Model.)

'MLLER n R J DRYING AND Hummm@ No. 548573.

v PEART liniirnn States Ferrater @einen GUS'lAVE J. MLLER, OF BERLN, ANDI vPAL PFEIFER, OF BRUNSW'ICK, GERMANY.

DRYiNG AND EVAPGRATlNG APFARATUS.

SFEOFICTIO Emitting paid'. Of Letters Patent NO. 58,573, dated October 22, 1895.

Application filed Tilly 19, 1894- Srial No. 513x064l (N mOdGL) To alu whom 13 may concern:

Be it known that we, GUSTAVE J. MLLER, of 1l) Friedrich-Viilhelrustrasse, Berlin, and PAUL TFEIFER, of Brunswick, Germany, subjects ot the Emperor of Germany, have invented Improvements in and relating to Dryim;l and Evaporating Apparatus, oi'whieh the following is a specification.

invention relates to drying and evaporating apparatus.

By means of our improved apparatus any moist maior ials or liquids are artificially dried or evaporated in such a manner that the latent and free heat inherent in the water escaping asfsteam from the material duringthe drying or in the vapors escaping from the liquid is recovered by the condensation of the said ,steam er vvapors and utilized fordrying. The ot' the Water of condensation which is still hot is used in like manner.

lu the drying apparatus heretofore lemagioyed the material' to be dried is subjected an aireurrcnt whose capacity for taking up Water is increased by direct heating. The latent and free heat inherent in the'stearn escaping from the material is, however, lost.

At the het end of the drying-chamber, Where the fireplace is built, a Vaporization of the water in the materials to he dried takes place by means of heat outside. Of the heat used tor this purpose, apart from the loss by radiation, about iive-sixths is used for changing the water into steam (latent heat of the steam) and about one-sixth for direct heating, (lire heat.) To regain these two kinds of heat i'or the drying is the essential object of the present invention.

According to our aforesaid invention the heat o t the steameseaping from the material to be dried is utilized by drawing'it from the hottest point of the drying-chamber and using it 'oy means of suitable pipes for heating the colder parte et the dryingchamber.

Various construotional forms or arrangements et such drying apparatusare represented in the accompanying drawings, in which t.

Figure l isa longitudinal section, Flig. 2 is a cross-section, and Fig. 3 a sectional plan, of an apparatus constructed according to our invention. Figs. d, 5, (i, 7, and 8 are longitudinal sections representing modified constructions embodying the same principle. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section, Fig. 10 a horizontal section,and Fig. 1 1 a cross-section,ofaturther modification. Fig. 12 is a longitudinal section showing a. further modification, taken online l2 12 of Fig. 13. Fig. 13 is a transverse section, and Fig. 11i a longitudinal section taken on line 14.114 of Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a transverse section, and Fig. 16 a sectional plan, of another form. Figs. 17, 18, and 19 are views similar to Figs. 9, 10,and 11, showing,r a further modification; and Figs. 20, 21, vand 22 show another modification.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. l to 3 we provide a drying-ehanuel A, adapted to be closed at its two extremities by doors c c. The material to be dried is placed upon trucks running upon rails B and is moved by steps through the said drying-channel.

At the end ofthe drying-channel, where the dried materials leave the same, is arranged a furnace e, the heating-gases from which pass through heating-pipes having many bende 3 and arranged in the-drying-channel, and are then conducted to the outside. By this furnace the drying-channel is heated to such a ldegree that all the water to be removed from the material will be evaporated. y

In the part of the drying-channel which is heated mest strongly we arrange suctionpipes gf, through which the water evaporated from the material to be dried is drawn and conveyed to the outside at h. On its Way through the pipe f, made ot suitable shape and extended as much as practicable, the steam coudenses on the metallic Walls of this pipe, thus yielding its latent and free heat to the material-to he dried. The outlet end h of the pipe leads to a fan, chimney, or the like. in the'drawings a fan is shown in dotted lines. The Water condensed in the pipefis com ducted in a special Waterepipe 't' to the coldest endl of the channel, and is there removed through an'overow-pipe 7c or through any other suitable Water-seal. The pipe for conducting the Water of condensation is also ai ranged so that the free heat of this water will be given. 0E lto the material to be dried.

' In Figtie represented an apparatus specially designed foudrying granular or' pulessere f through the material to be dried. Aftenthef a very slow regulated 'air-current passes through the entirefdrying-channel from thel cold to the hot end,'the air will be conveyed in very short spiral windings through the drying-channel, so that the heat is given on in a very complete manner.

Instead of ettecting the separation of -the several compartments by partitions, the compartments may also be separated by spaces from each other, the communication between them being established by suitable channels.

The several rooms, instead of being side by side, may also be arranged one abovethe other. Suchen arrangement is particularly designed for drying pulverulent or granular substances or for evaporating liquid substances. Figs. 12,13, and 14 are longitudinal and transverse sections, of the same, Fig. 12 showing a section through the heatingcharnber and Fig. 14 a section through the dryingchamber. In this arrangement we provide, for instance, four compartments A21 A22 A23 A24, one above the other, each of them being divided by a longitudinal partition into two rooms, one of which serves for the heating device and the other for the material to be dried.

In cach partition is arranged a fan p, which forces the air from the heatiug-room into the dryingrooni, `whereupon it returns through a channel q into the heating-room. 'In the lowest compartment is arranged the furnace e, the gases from which pass through the room iu many windings and are then couducted to the outside. The vapor produced is drawn oft through the pipe gs and then conducted by the pipe f6 through all the heating-chambers. In each drying-room isa conveyor to feed forward the material to be dried or the liquid to be evaporated. The material to be dried or the liquid passes through the funnel d into the upper drum t4 and is conducted through the latter and falls through the aperture q into the drum t3 be low.. In this manner the material to be dried is transported through all the drying-chatnbers until it leaves the apparatus through the opening d", thus securing a full utilization of the heat.

The evaporation of liquids effected in this drying apparatus is essentially dilerent from that which taires place in the apparatus heretofore used, in which the steam drawn from an evaporating-vessel is employed for heating a second evaporating-vessel- Whereas in the latter apparatus the heating bodies are coinpletely surrounded by the liquid to be evaporated, so that the heat is given oft directly to the liquid, -inthe present apparatus the condensing pipes heated by the waste steam yield their heat to Jthe air surrounding them, this air being then brought into intimate contact with the vliquid to be evaporated. The liquid is moreover transported either continually or periodically, in order to pass gradually from the coldest to the hottest part of the apparatus, the evaporation being considerably accelerated by the continuous cycle of the air.

Figs. 15 and 16 represent an apparatus in which the material to be dried is stationary,

While the drying device is moved. The apparatos consists in this case of a circular charnber A7, adapted to run on rails and divided by a concentric partition in to an inner and an outer compartment. By radial partitions we provide several chambers in which the fans p maintain a continuous cycle of the air from the heating-chamber into the drying-charnber and baci: again. The material to be dried is likewise arranged in a cycle, so that in the slow-turning movement of the drying device ythe hottest part ot the saine Will be caused to pass slowly over each portion ct the material.

In lieu of the partitions which are moved Withthe material to he dried through the drying-channel We may also arrange fixed partitions in the saine, so that itis divided into several chambers. Such an arrangement is represented in Fig. 17 in vertical longitudinal section. Fig. 1S is a plan and Fig. 19 a vertical transverse section of this arrangenient.

A dryingchannel is provided throughout its length with 'the partitions m and divided by the fixed partitions as into a number of separate chambers. In each of these compartments We maintain by a ian in a continuous cycle ot the air troni the heating-pipes to the material to be dried, and from the latter back again to the heatingpipes.

In order that the air current. passing through the aperture Z into the coldest chainber may dow in a regulated manner to the hottest end of the apparati-laure provide in the fixed partitions apertures l', through which the air moves from the coldest to the hottest compartments in a continuous lcycle in the several compartments. As in this arrangement the material to be dried cannot be transported by continuous motion through the Whole dryingohannel, each compartment is provided with a door c, adapted to be closed, and through which the material can be introduced and discharged or brought from a colderl to a Warmer compartment.

Instead of arranging the several compartments directly side by side, they may be separated from each4 other by spaces, in which case channels o`r the like taire the place of the apertures L.

Fig. 2O is a vertical longitudinal section,

ICO

TIO

Fig. 21 a plan, and Fig. 22 a vertical trans verse eection, representing this arrangement. In this arrengeinent, having several compartments Am A3i2 A35 separated from each other by spaces, the operation takes place with the exclusion of the outer air, so that the vapor generated in the first chamber A31 from the material by direct heatingis drawn ott through the pipe g9 and conducted through e condens-y ing or hea-ting bodyf oi' the second chamber A552, in which it condenses.- The second cheer ber is completely shut ed from. the outer air and is only connected by the pipe Q9 with the condensing-body# of the third chamber A33, with which en cir-pump or the like is connected for rerefying the air in the second chamber A32, so that in this chamber A32 the evaporation of the Weterfrom the materiel to be dried takes place at e'lower ytempemture than in the first chamber A31. From the last chamber the cir is driven oit directly from the drying-chamber.

We claim es our inventionl. A drying apparatus oomprieing a drying channel, heating means at one end thereof, means for collecting the vapor driven ofi from the materiel and pipes or channels adjacent to the cooler part of thematerial in which the seid vapor condenses, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. A. drying apparatus comprising a drying channel, heating ineens et one end thereof, means for feeding the material through the channel from the cool to the hot end, ineens for collecting the vapor driven off from the materiel end pipes or channels adjacent to the cooler part ot' the materiel in which the seid vapor condenses, substantially as set forth.

A drying apparatus comprising e drying channel, heating means et one end thereof and en eir inlet at the opposite end, men-ns for collecting the vapor driven off from the material end pipes or channels adjacent to the cooler part of the materiel, substantially as set forth.

4. A drying apparatus comprising a drying channel, heating means at one end thereof, and an tir inlet at the opposite end, means for collecting the vapor driven oi from the ninterinl, pipes or channels adjacent to the cooler A part of the material in which the seid vepor condenses, and means for leading the air seperated from the vapor While condensing, to the said air inlet to the channehell substantially es end for the purposes set forth.

5. A drying apparatus, comprising e dryingr channel, heating means at one end thereof, and an air inlet at the opposite end, means for circulating the air in e spiral direction from the cool to the heated end of the channel, means for collecting the vapor driven o from the material, and pipes or channels adjacent to the cooler materiel in which the seid vepf condensee, substantially as set forth.

6. A drying apparetns comprising e chennel divided into compartments, the compartment et one end being provided with heating ineens and the compartment at the other end with en air inlet, means for circulating the air in a spiral direction in each compartment end through the channel from the cool end to the heated end, means for collecting the vapor driven ott from the material, and pipes orchannels in which the seid vapor condenses, passing through the channel from the heated end to the cool end,substantially as set forth.

7. A drying apparatus comprising e channel divided into compartments, the eompart ment at one end being provided with heating meens,end the compartment at the other end provided with en nir inlet, means for collecting the vapor driven oi from Jthe material, pipes, in which the seid vapor cond enses, pass ing through the seid compartments, partitions in the compartments dividing the seid pipes from the material, openings at the top and bottom of these partitions and fans in the upper openings, all substantially es end for the purposes set forth.

ln testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specitication in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

e. J. MoLLnn P. lDFEiFER.

iVitnesses:

RICHARD SCHMIDT, MAX BIENERT. 

